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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vulkan (API)</span></h1>
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<div>Vulkan</div>
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<table><caption style="background-color:#a41e22;color:#FFFFFF;">Informations</caption>



<tbody><tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="D%C3%A9veloppeur" title="Développeur">Développé par</a></th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p178"><a href="Khronos_Group" title="Khronos Group">Khronos Group</a></span></td>
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<tr>
<th scope="row"> <a href="Version_d'un_logiciel" title="Version d'un logiciel">Première version</a>
</th>
<td>
<time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-16" data-sort-value="2016-02-16">16 février 2016</time></td>
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<tr>
<th scope="row"> <a href="Version_d'un_logiciel" title="Version d'un logiciel">Dernière version</a>
</th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p348">1.4.331 (<time class="nowrap" datetime="2025-10-30" data-sort-value="2025-10-30">30 octobre 2025</time>)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-642caed65d94f1e2add36170af9b7ade27e44ba6_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-642caed65d94f1e2add36170af9b7ade27e44ba6-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td>
</tr>



<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="D%C3%A9p%C3%B4t_(informatique)" title="Dépôt (informatique)">Dépôt</a></th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p1324"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Docs">github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Docs</a></span></td>
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<th scope="row"> <a href="Langage_de_programmation" title="Langage de programmation">Écrit en</a>
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<span class="wd_p277"><a href="C_(langage)" title="C (langage)">C</a></span></td>
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<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Syst%C3%A8me_d'exploitation" title="Système d'exploitation">Système d'exploitation</a></th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p306"><a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="Android" title="Android">Android</a>, <a href="IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> et <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></span></td>
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<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Plateforme_informatique" title="Plateforme informatique">Environnement</a></th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p400">Multiplateforme <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174666" class="extiw external" title="d:Q174666"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l'élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small></span></td>
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<th scope="row"> Type
</th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p31"><a href="Interface_de_programmation" title="Interface de programmation">Interface de programmation</a></span></td>
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<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Licence_de_logiciel" title="Licence de logiciel">Licence</a></th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p275"><a href="Licence_Apache" title="Licence Apache">Licence Apache 2.0</a>, <a href="Licence_MIT" title="Licence MIT">licence MIT</a> et Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International <small>(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20007257" class="extiw external" title="d:Q20007257"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Voir l'élément Wikidata correspondant">d</span></a>)</small></span></td>
</tr>



<tr>
<th scope="row"><a href="Site_web" title="Site web">Site web</a></th>
<td>
<span class="wd_p856"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulkan.org/">www.vulkan.org</a></span></td>
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<p class="bloc" style="background-color:#a41e22; color:#FFFFFF;">Chronologie des versions</p>
<p class="overflow infobox-navigateur navigation-not-searchable" style=""><span class="prev_bloc"><a href="OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a></span></p>
</div>
<p><b>Vulkan</b>, d'abord annoncé sous l'appellation <b>OpenGL Next</b>, est une <a href="Sp%C3%A9cification_(norme_technique)" title="Spécification (norme technique)">spécification</a> proposée par le consortium <a href="Khronos_Group" title="Khronos Group">Khronos Group</a> pour la programmation graphique. Elle est mise en œuvre par plusieurs constructeurs de <a href="Carte_graphique" title="Carte graphique">cartes graphiques</a> sous forme d'une <a href="Interface_de_programmation" title="Interface de programmation">interface de programmation</a> portant le même nom et a pour but de remplacer à terme <a href="OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> et ses dérivés en exploitant plus efficacement les architectures informatiques modernes<sup id="cite_ref-Smith2015_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith2015-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. 25 ans après la création d'OpenGL, elle vise à unifier les versions mobile (<a href="OpenGL_ES" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES</a>) et bureau (OpenGL), fonctionne nativement sur <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, <a href="GNU/Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU/Linux">GNU/Linux</a> et <a href="Android" title="Android">Android</a>, ainsi que sous MacOS et <a href="IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> via la <i>portability initiative</i> (l'<a href="Interface_de_programmation" title="Interface de programmation">API</a> MoltenVK)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en se basant sur <a href="Metal_(API)" title="Metal (API)">Metal</a><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr>&nbsp;souhaitée]</sup>. Une première version est sortie en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02" data-sort-value="2016-02">février 2016</time>, supportée entre autres par AMD et Nvidia<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, et est compatible avec tout système supportant OpenGL ES 3.1<sup id="cite_ref-khronos_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khronos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historique">Historique</h2></div>
<p>Vulkan se fonde sur le travail effectué par <a href="Advanced_Micro_Devices" title="Advanced Micro Devices">AMD</a> sur l'API Mantle&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_(API)" class="extiw external" title="en:Mantle (API)"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&nbsp;: «&nbsp;Mantle (API)&nbsp;»">(en)</span></a>, et auparavant, au sein de <a href="Mesa_3D" title="Mesa 3D">Mesa 3D</a>, par <a href="Gallium3D" title="Gallium3D">Gallium3D</a> (réduction de la couche du pilote graphique et relation plus directe au GPU et à sa mémoire). En particulier son module <a href="LLVMpipe" title="LLVMpipe">LLVMpipe</a> qui permet la précompilation dans un langage intermédiaire et une meilleure utilisation des architectures de microprocesseurs multi-cœurs<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> des architectures modernes pour le rendu 3D.
</p><p>Les développeurs du pilote libre Vulkan, pour processeurs graphiques Intel, décrivent Vulkan comme un «&nbsp;Gallium3D 2.0&nbsp;». Le langage <a href="Standard_Portable_Intermediate_Representation" title="Standard Portable Intermediate Representation">SPIR</a> utilisant à l'origine <a href="LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</a><sup id="cite_ref-anandtech2013_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anandtech2013-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, SPIR-V qui en est une version modifiée permettra une implémentation de LLVM pour son interprétation<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Avancées_majeures"><span id="Avanc.C3.A9es_majeures"></span>Avancées majeures</h3></div>
<p>Parmi les avantages<sup id="cite_ref-Smith2015_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith2015-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;:
</p>
<ul><li>Meilleure gestion du <a href="Multiprocesseur" title="Multiprocesseur">multiprocesseur</a>, les différents processeurs pouvant envoyer en parallèle des commandes à exécuter&nbsp;;</li>
<li>Un pilote simplifié, en donnant au CPU davantage d'accès aux commandes du GPU et à la gestion de sa mémoire&nbsp;;</li>
<li>Une meilleure adaptation aux plates-formes mobiles avec notamment la gestion du cas d'une mémoire unifiée et du rendu où chaque <a href="Thread_(informatique)" title="Thread (informatique)">thread</a> est dédié à un des rectangles formant l'affichage (dallage).</li>
<li>Le langage de représentation intermédiaire <a href="Standard_Portable_Intermediate_Representation" title="Standard Portable Intermediate Representation">SPIR-V</a> également utilisé par OpenCL qui permet de simplifier le travail des pilotes dans l'interprétation des <a href="Shaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaders">shaders</a><sup id="cite_ref-KhronosMar2015_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KhronosMar2015-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sur le GPU, comme <a href="OpenCL" title="OpenCL">OpenCL</a>, à qui il succède.</li>
<li>La simplification des pilotes et le langage unifié devraient permettre de réduire, pour les développeurs d'application, les difficultés de portabilité du matériel d'un constructeur à un autre</li>
<li>Calculs non graphiques<sup id="cite_ref-KhronosMar2015_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KhronosMar2015-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sur le GPU, comme <a href="OpenCL" title="OpenCL">OpenCL</a>, dont il s'inspire partiellement, mais est complémentaire.</li></ul>
<p><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> a de son côté sorti <a href="DirectX#DirectX_12" title="DirectX">DirectX 12</a>, la dernière génération de son API Graphique, et Apple a sorti son API <a href="Metal_(API)" title="Metal (API)">Metal</a><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr>&nbsp;souhaitée]</sup>. Tous deux ont pour projet d'utiliser les mêmes accès bas niveau au matériel et la portabilité mobile que Mantle ou Vulkan, mais ont l'inconvénient de ne pas être <a href="Logiciel_multiplate-forme" class="mw-redirect" title="Logiciel multiplate-forme">multiplateformes</a>.
</p><p>Étant donné l'ouverture de l'API, la portabilité et les gains de performances, différents éditeurs de jeux ont déjà annoncé le support de celle-ci par leur moteur, avant même les spécifications définitives, comme le moteur <a href="Source_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Source 2">Source 2</a> de <a href="Valve_(entreprise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Valve (entreprise)">Valve</a><sup id="cite_ref-polygon_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polygon-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>La bibliothèque libre <i>GLOVE</i> convertit les appels <a href="OpenGL_ES" title="OpenGL ES">OpenGL ES</a>, glsl et EGL en appels Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-developpezGLOVE_Zink_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-developpezGLOVE_Zink-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p><p>Les pilotes libres d'accélération 3D matérielle <a href="Mesa_3D" title="Mesa 3D">Mesa 3D</a> pour <a href="GNU/Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU/Linux">GNU/Linux</a> comportent trois pilotes permettant de convertir différentes API 3D vers Vulkan, et de bénéficier ainsi de ses performances et plus faible consommation énergétique avec des applications qui sont conçues pour&nbsp;:
</p>
<ul><li><i>D9VK (obsolète car dorénavant inclus dans DXVK)</i>, convertit les appels <a href="Direct3D" title="Direct3D">Direct3D</a> versions 9 vers des appels Vulkan ;</li>
<li><i>DXVK</i>, convertit les appels Direct3D versions 9, 10 et 11 vers des appels Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ;</li>
<li><i>VKD3D</i>, convertit les appels Direct3D versions 12 vers des appels Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ;</li>
<li><i>Zink</i>, convertit les appels OpenGL et OpenGL ES en appel Vulkan, il est intégré à partir du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-10-28" data-sort-value="2019-10-28">28 octobre 2019</time>, la bibliothèque, via le sous-système Gallium de Mesa<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, il est placé entre la couche OpengGL state tracker de Gallium et les pilotes Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-developpezGLOVE_Zink_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-developpezGLOVE_Zink-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Participants">Participants</h2></div>
<p>Les principales sociétés participant à la norme<sup id="cite_ref-khronos_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khronos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sont&nbsp;: <a href="Advanced_Micro_Devices" title="Advanced Micro Devices">AMD</a>, <a href="Apple" title="Apple">Apple</a>, <a href="ARM_(soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9)" class="mw-redirect" title="ARM (société)">ARM</a>, <a href="Blizzard_Entertainment" title="Blizzard Entertainment">Blizzard</a>, <a href="Haswell_(microarchitecture)" title="Haswell (microarchitecture)">Broadwell</a>, Codeplay&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codeplay" class="extiw external" title="en:Codeplay"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&nbsp;: «&nbsp;Codeplay&nbsp;»">(en)</span></a>, <a href="Continental_AG" title="Continental AG">Continental</a>, <a href="Electronic_Arts" title="Electronic Arts">Electronic Arts</a>, <a href="Epic_Games" title="Epic Games">Epic Games</a>, <a href="Imagination_Technologies" title="Imagination Technologies">Imagination Technologies</a>, <a href="Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>, <a href="Lucasfilm" title="Lucasfilm">Lucasfilm</a>, <a href="Mediatek" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediatek">Mediatek</a>, <a href="Oculus_VR" class="mw-redirect" title="Oculus VR">Oculus VR</a>, <a href="Oxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxide">Oxide</a>, <a href="Pixar" class="mw-redirect" title="Pixar">Pixar</a>, <a href="Groupe_Samsung" title="Groupe Samsung">Samsung</a>, <a href="Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>, TransGaming&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TransGaming" class="extiw external" title="en:TransGaming"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&nbsp;: «&nbsp;TransGaming&nbsp;»">(en)</span></a>, <a href="Unity_(moteur_de_jeu)" title="Unity (moteur de jeu)">Unity</a>, <a href="Godot_(moteur_de_jeu)" title="Godot (moteur de jeu)">Godot Engine</a>,
<a href="Valve_(entreprise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Valve (entreprise)">Valve</a>, <a href="Vivante_Corporation" title="Vivante Corporation">Vivante</a>, <a href="Qt" title="Qt">Qt</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Support">Support</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historique_2">Historique</h3></div>
<ul><li>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02" data-sort-value="2016-02">février 2016</time> <a href="Advanced_Micro_Devices" title="Advanced Micro Devices">AMD</a>, <a href="Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> et <a href="Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a> proposent une version beta de leurs pilotes supportant Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-17" data-sort-value="2016-02-17">17 février 2016</time>, <i><a href="The_Talos_Principle" title="The Talos Principle">The Talos Principle</a></i> de <a href="Croteam" title="Croteam">Croteam</a> devient le <abbr class="abbr" title="Premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr>&nbsp;jeu vidéo supportant partiellement Vulkan.</li>
<li>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-09" data-sort-value="2016-04-09">9 avril 2016</time> , une mise à jour de la version stable des <a href="Pilote_informatique" title="Pilote informatique">pilotes</a> <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> et <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> par Nvidia permet l'utilisation de Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04" data-sort-value="2016-04">avril 2016</time>, la préversion d'<a href="Android_Nougat" title="Android Nougat">Android Nougat</a> pour développeurs prévoit l'utilisation des API 3D Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>La nouvelle console de jeux <a href="Nintendo_Switch" title="Nintendo Switch">Switch</a> de <a href="Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a> est certifiée Vulkan le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-12-18" data-sort-value="2016-12-18">18 décembre 2016</time><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>Lors de la conférence SDC 2016, en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-05" data-sort-value="2016-05">mai 2016</time>, la société <a href="Groupe_Samsung" title="Groupe Samsung">Samsung</a> annonce que son prochain modèle de <a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a> utilisera Vulkan, et annonce des gains en durée de vie de la batterie<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>Fin <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-09" data-sort-value="2016-09">septembre 2016</time>, <a href="Unity_(moteur_de_jeu)" title="Unity (moteur de jeu)">Unity</a> annonce que les jeux Android basés sur son moteur disposent en beta de Vulkan, ce qui permet des <a href="Performances_(informatique)" title="Performances (informatique)">performances</a> améliorées d'environ 35%, et une <a href="Consommation_%C3%A9nerg%C3%A9tique_d'un_smartphone" title="Consommation énergétique d'un smartphone">consommation énergétique</a> moindre<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-10" data-sort-value="2016-10">octobre 2016</time> , un premier <a href="Moteur_de_jeu" title="Moteur de jeu">moteur de jeu vidéo</a> libre se basant sur Vulkan, <i>Intrinsic</i>, est publié sur <a href="GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-02" data-sort-value="2017-02">février 2017</time>, <a href="Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> annonce que la <a href="Processeur_graphique" title="Processeur graphique">partie graphique</a> de ses processeurs supportera Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-02" data-sort-value="2018-02">février 2018</time>, <a href="Valve_(entreprise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Valve (entreprise)">Valve</a>, LunarG et The Brenwill Workshop annoncent que le jeu vedette de Valve, <a href="Dota_2" title="Dota 2">Dota 2</a>, est porté via MoltenVK (implémentation de <a href="Metal_(API)" title="Metal (API)">Metal</a> en Vulkan) sur <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">MacOS</a> avec un gain de performances de 50% par rapport à la version OpenGL <sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-02" data-sort-value="2018-02">février 2018</time>, les développeurs du moteur de jeu libre <a href="Godot_(moteur_de_jeu)" title="Godot (moteur de jeu)">Godot</a>, annoncent qu'ils vont s'orienter vers Vulkan et Open GL ES 2.0, plutôt qu'OpenGL ES 3.0<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Il devrait être prêt pour Godot 4.0<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, qui devrait sortir en 2022.</li>
<li>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-11" data-sort-value="2018-11">novembre 2018</time>, les développeurs du <a href="Moteur_3D" title="Moteur 3D">moteur 3D</a> libre <a href="OGRE" title="OGRE">OGRE</a>, annoncent qu'ils sont en train de porter le moteur sur Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compatibilité_matérielle"><span id="Compatibilit.C3.A9_mat.C3.A9rielle"></span>Compatibilité matérielle</h3></div>

<table class="wikitable" style="font-size:80%; text-align: left">

<tbody><tr>
<th rowspan="2">Société
</th>
<th colspan="4">Matériel
</th>
<th colspan="4">Support de Vulkan 1.0
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th>Microarchitecture
</th>
<th>Disponible depuis
</th>
<th>GPUs (<a href="Die_(circuit_int%C3%A9gr%C3%A9)" title="Die (circuit intégré)">Die</a>)
</th>
<th>Carte graphique/SoC
</th>
<th><a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>
</th>
<th><a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> (Windows 7 et supérieur)
</th>
<th><a href="Android_Nougat" title="Android Nougat">Android Nougat</a> et supérieur<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="13">AMD
</td>
<td>RDNA 4
</td>
<td>01/2025
</td>
<td>Navi 48, Navi 44
</td>
<td>Radeon RX 9000
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>RDNA 3.5
</td>
<td>07/2024
</td>
<td>Strix Halo, Strix Point, Krakhan Point
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="RDNA_(microarchitecture)" title="RDNA (microarchitecture)">RDNA 3</a>
</td>
<td>11/2022
</td>
<td>Navi 31,32,33
<p>Phoenix, Hawk Point
</p>
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon_RX_7000" title="Radeon RX 7000">Radeon RX 7000</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="RDNA_(microarchitecture)" title="RDNA (microarchitecture)">RDNA 2</a>
</td>
<td>10/2020
</td>
<td>Navi 21,22,23,24
<p>Rembrandt, Raphael, Dragon Range
</p>
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon_RX_6000" title="Radeon RX 6000">Radeon RX 6000</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="RDNA_(microarchitecture)" title="RDNA (microarchitecture)">RDNA 1</a>
</td>
<td>07/2019
</td>
<td>Navi 10,12,14
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon_RX_5000" title="Radeon RX 5000">Radeon RX 5000</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_5" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN 5th</a>
</td>
<td>08/2017
</td>
<td>Vega 10,12
<p>Vega 20
</p><p>Raven Ridge, Picasso, Renoir, Cezanne
</p>
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon#Radeon_Rx_Vega_(2017)" title="Radeon">Radeon Rx Vega series</a>
<p>Radeon VII
</p>
</td>
<td rowspan="2" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;">AMDGPU PRO <small>(Ubuntu &amp; <a href="Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">RHEL</a>)</small><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br>Mesa/RADV<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;">Radeon Software<sup id="cite_ref-amddrv_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amddrv-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small><abbr class="abbr" title="Non communiqué">NC</abbr></small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_4" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN 4th</a>
</td>
<td>06/2016
</td>
<td>Polaris 10,11,12 Polaris 20,21,22
<p>Polaris 30
</p>
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon#Radeon_Rx_400_(2016)" title="Radeon">Radeon Rx 400 Series</a>
<p>Radeon Rx 500 Séries
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_3" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN 3rd</a>
</td>
<td>08/2014
</td>
<td>Tonga, Fiji, <a href="Excavator_(microarchitecture)" title="Excavator (microarchitecture)">Carrizo</a>, Bristol Ridge
</td>
<td>Radeon R9 Fury Series
<p>Radeon R9 380 Series
Radeon R9 285
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_2" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN 2nd</a>
</td>
<td>03/2013
</td>
<td>Bonaire, Hawaii, Kaveri, Kabini, Temash, Mullins, Beema, Carrizo-L
</td>
<td>Radeon HD 7790, R9 390 Séries, R7 360, R9 290 Séries, R7 260 Séries, <a href="PlayStation_4" title="PlayStation 4">PlayStation 4</a>, <a href="Xbox_One" title="Xbox One">Xbox One</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="2" style="background:#FFB;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="tableau-partiel">En cours d'implémentation
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Graphics_Core_Next#Graphics_Core_Next_1" title="Graphics Core Next">GCN 1st</a>
</td>
<td>02/2012
</td>
<td>Oland, Cape Verde, Pitcairn, Tahiti, Hainan
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon#Radeon_HD_7000_(2012)" title="Radeon">Radeon HD 77..–7900 Series</a> , R9 280 , 270 Séries, R7 250 Séries, R9/R7 370 Séries
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="TeraScale_(microarchitecture)#TeraScale_3" title="TeraScale (microarchitecture)">TeraScale 3</a>
</td>
<td>12/2010
</td>
<td>Aruba (Trinity/Richland), Cayman
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon#Radeon_HD_6000_(2011)" title="Radeon">Radeon HD 6900 Series</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" colspan="3" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small>non supporté</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="TeraScale_(microarchitecture)#TeraScale_2" title="TeraScale (microarchitecture)">TeraScale 2</a>
</td>
<td>09/2009
</td>
<td>Cedar, Cypress, Juniper, Redwood, Palm, Sumo, Barts, Turks, Caicos, Llano
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon#Radeon_HD_5000_(2009-2010)" title="Radeon">Radeon HD 5000 Series</a>
<p>Radeon HD 6000 Séries
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="TeraScale_(microarchitecture)#TeraScale_1_(VLIW5)" title="TeraScale (microarchitecture)">TeraScale 1</a>
</td>
<td>05/2007
</td>
<td>R600, RV630, RV610, RV790, RV770, …
</td>
<td><a href="Radeon#Radeon_HD_2000_(2006-2007)" title="Radeon">Radeon HD 2000 Series</a>, <a href="Radeon#Radeon_HD_3000_(2007-2008)" title="Radeon">HD 3000</a>, <a href="Radeon#Radeon_HD_4000_(2008-2009)" title="Radeon">HD 4000</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="12">Nvidia
</td>
<td>Blackwell
</td>
<td>01/2025
</td>
<td>GB202, GB203, GB205, GB206, GB207
</td>
<td>GeForce RTX 50
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Ada_Lovelace_(microarchitecture)" title="Ada Lovelace (microarchitecture)">Ada Lovelace</a>
</td>
<td>09/2022
</td>
<td>AD102, AD103, AD104, AD106, AD107
</td>
<td>GeForce RTX 40
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Ampere_(microarchitecture)" title="Ampere (microarchitecture)">Ampere</a>
</td>
<td>09/2020
</td>
<td>GA100, GA102, GA103, GA104, GA106, GA107
</td>
<td>GeForce RTX 30
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Turing_(microarchitecture)" title="Turing (microarchitecture)">Turing</a>
</td>
<td>09/2018
</td>
<td>TU102, TU104, TU106, TU116, TU117
</td>
<td>GeForce RTX 20<br>GeForce 16
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Volta_(microarchitecture)" title="Volta (microarchitecture)">Volta</a>
</td>
<td>06/2017
</td>
<td>GV100, GV10B
</td>
<td>TITAN V
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Pascal_(microarchitecture)" title="Pascal (microarchitecture)">Pascal</a>
</td>
<td>05/2016
</td>
<td>GP100, GP104, GP106, GP107, GP108, GP10B
</td>
<td><a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 10 series</a>, <a href="Tegra" title="Tegra">Tegra X2</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Nvidia GeForce driver<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-nvidia-developer_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nvidia-developer-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Nvidia GeForce driver<sup id="cite_ref-nvidia-developer_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nvidia-developer-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;">Oui
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Maxwell_(microarchitecture)" title="Maxwell (microarchitecture)">Maxwell 2</a>
</td>
<td>09/2014
</td>
<td>GM200, GM204, GM206, GM20B
</td>
<td><a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 900 series</a>, <a href="Tegra" title="Tegra">Tegra X1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Maxwell_(microarchitecture)" title="Maxwell (microarchitecture)">Maxwell 1</a>
</td>
<td>02/2014
</td>
<td>GM107, GM108
</td>
<td>GeForce GTX 750 Ti, GTX 750, GTX 860M
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Kepler_(microarchitecture)" title="Kepler (microarchitecture)">Kepler</a>
</td>
<td>03/2012
</td>
<td>GK110, GK104, GK106, GK107, GK208
</td>
<td><a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 600 series</a>, <a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 700 series</a>, <a href="Tegra" title="Tegra">Tegra K1</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Fermi_(microarchitecture)" title="Fermi (microarchitecture)">Fermi</a>
</td>
<td>03/2010
</td>
<td>GF100, GF104, GF106, GF108, GF110, GF114, GF116, GF117, GF119
</td>
<td><a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 400 series</a>, <a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 500 series</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" colspan="3" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small>non supporté</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Tesla_(microarchitecture)" title="Tesla (microarchitecture)">Tesla 2.0</a>
</td>
<td>06/2008
</td>
<td>GT200, GT215, GT216, GT218,
</td>
<td><a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 200 series</a>, <a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 300 series</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Tesla_(microarchitecture)" title="Tesla (microarchitecture)">Tesla 1.0</a>
</td>
<td>11/2006
</td>
<td>G80, G84, G86, G92, G94, G96, G98
</td>
<td><a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 8 series</a>, <a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 9 series</a>, <a href="GeForce" title="GeForce">GeForce 100 series</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">Intel GPU
</td>
<td>Xe2 "Battlemage"
</td>
<td>12/2024
</td>
<td>BMG-G21, Lunar Lake
</td>
<td>ARC B Séries
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Xe "Alchemist"
</td>
<td>06/2022
</td>
<td>ACM-G10, ACM-G11, ACM-G12, Meteor Lake, Arrow Lake
</td>
<td>ARC A Séries
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Xe-LP
</td>
<td>10/2020
</td>
<td>DG1
<p>Rocket Lake, Alder Lake, Raptor Lake
</p>
</td>
<td>Xe DG1
<p>Iris Xe
</p>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="15">Intel CPU
</td>
<td>Arrow Lake
</td>
<td>10/2024
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core "Ultra" 200 Séries
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Lunar_Lake" title="Lunar Lake">Lunar Lake</a>
</td>
<td>09/2024
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core "Ultra" 200V Séries
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Meteor_Lake" title="Meteor Lake">Meteor Lake</a>
</td>
<td>12/2023
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core "Ultra" 100 Séries
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Raptor_Lake" title="Raptor Lake">Raptor Lake</a>
</td>
<td>09/2022
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-13000
<p>Core i3-/i5-/i7-14000
</p>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Alder_Lake" title="Alder Lake">Alder Lake</a>
</td>
<td>11/2021
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-12000
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Rocket_Lake" title="Rocket Lake">Rocket Lake</a>
</td>
<td>03/2021
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i5-/i7-11000
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Comet_Lake" title="Comet Lake">Comet Lake</a>
</td>
<td>04/2020
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-10000
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Coffee_Lake" title="Coffee Lake">Coffee Lake</a>
</td>
<td>10/2017
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-8000
<p>Core i3-/i5-/i7-9000
</p>
</td>
<td rowspan="5" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;">Mesa<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;">Intel graphics<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td rowspan="7" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small><abbr class="abbr" title="Non communiqué">NC</abbr></small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Kaby_Lake" title="Kaby Lake">Kaby Lake</a>
</td>
<td>01/2017
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-7000
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Skylake" title="Skylake">Skylake</a>
</td>
<td>08/2015
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-6000, Pentium G4..., <a href="Liste_des_microprocesseurs_Intel_Celeron" title="Liste des microprocesseurs Intel Celeron">Celeron G39..</a>
</td>
<td>Prévu
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Haswell_(microarchitecture)" title="Haswell (microarchitecture)">Broadwell</a>
</td>
<td>09/2014
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Intel_Core_M" title="Intel Core M">Core M-5Y..</a>, Core i3-/i5-/i7-5000
</td>
<td rowspan="5" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small>non supporté</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Haswell_(microarchitecture)" title="Haswell (microarchitecture)">Haswell</a>
</td>
<td>09/2012
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-4000, Pentium G3..., <a href="Liste_des_microprocesseurs_Intel_Celeron" title="Liste des microprocesseurs Intel Celeron">Celeron G18..</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Ivy_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivy Bridge">Ivy Bridge</a>
</td>
<td>04/2012
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-3000, Pentium G2..., <a href="Liste_des_microprocesseurs_Intel_Celeron" title="Liste des microprocesseurs Intel Celeron">Celeron G16..</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Sandy_Bridge" title="Sandy Bridge">Sandy Bridge</a>
</td>
<td>01/2011
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-2000, Pentium G..., <a href="Liste_des_microprocesseurs_Intel_Celeron" title="Liste des microprocesseurs Intel Celeron">Celeron G...</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="2" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small>non supporté</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Westmere" title="Westmere">Westmere</a>
</td>
<td>02/2012
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Core i3-/i5-/i7-..., Pentium G69.., <a href="Liste_des_microprocesseurs_Intel_Celeron" title="Liste des microprocesseurs Intel Celeron">Celeron G1101</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="7">Imagination Technologies
</td>
<td><a href="PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> Series 8XE
</td>
<td>02/2016
</td>
<td>GE8200, GE8300
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td rowspan="6" colspan="3" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;">PowerVR Graphics SDK v4.1<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> Series 7XT
</td>
<td>11/2014
</td>
<td>GT7200, GT7400, GT7600, GT7800, GT7900
</td>
<td>Apple A9, Helio X30 (MT679?)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> Series 7XE
</td>
<td>11/2014
</td>
<td>GE7400, GE7800
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> Series 6XT
</td>
<td>01/2014
</td>
<td>GX6240, GX6250, GX6450, GX6650
</td>
<td>Apple A8, A8X, MediaTek MT8173, MT8176,
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> Series 6XE
</td>
<td>01/2014
</td>
<td>G6050, G6060, G6100 (XE), G6110
</td>
<td>RK3368
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> Series 6 (Rogue)
</td>
<td>01/2012
</td>
<td>G6100, G6200, G6230, G6400, G6430, G6630
</td>
<td>MediaTek MT6595M, MT6595T, MT6595M, MT6795, MT8135, Helio X10 (MT6795), LG H13, Apple A7, Atom Z3460, Z3480, Z3530, Z3560, Z3570, Z3580
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PowerVR" title="PowerVR">PowerVR</a> Series 5XT
</td>
<td>01/2012
</td>
<td>SGX543, SGX544, SGX554
</td>
<td>Apple S1, A5, A5X, A6, A6X, NovaThor L8540, L8580, L9540, TI OMAP 4470, 5430, 5432, MediaTek MT5327, MT6589M, MT6589T, MT6589, MT8117, MT8121, MT8125, MT8389, Atom Z2460, Z2520, Z2560, Z2580, Z2760, Exynos 5410
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small>non supporté</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="5">Qualcomm
</td>
<td>Adreno X1 séries
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Snapdragon X Elite
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Adreno" title="Adreno">Adreno</a> 600 series
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Adreno 640
</td>
<td><a href="Liste_des_microprocesseurs_Qualcomm_Snapdragon" title="Liste des microprocesseurs Qualcomm Snapdragon">Snapdragon 855</a>
</td>
<td colspan="3" rowspan="1" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;"><b>1.1</b><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Adreno" title="Adreno">Adreno</a> 500 series
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Adreno 510, Adreno 530, Adreno 540
</td>
<td><a href="Liste_des_microprocesseurs_Qualcomm_Snapdragon" title="Liste des microprocesseurs Qualcomm Snapdragon">Snapdragon 430, 625, 650, 652, 820, 821, 835, 845</a>
</td>
<td colspan="3" rowspan="2" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;"><b>1.0</b><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Adreno" title="Adreno">Adreno</a> 400 series
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Snapdragon 415, 615, 616, 617, 805, 808, 810
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Adreno" title="Adreno">Adreno</a> 300 series
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Snapdragon 200, 208, 210, 212, 400, 410, 412, 600, 800, 801
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small>non supporté</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="5">ARM
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Bifrost<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>06/2016
</td>
<td>Mali-G71, Mali-G51
</td>
<td>Kirin 960
</td>
<td colspan="3" rowspan="3" class="table-yes" style="background:#90ff90; color:black; text-align:center;"><b>1.0</b><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Midgard 4th
</td>
<td>Q4 2015
</td>
<td>Mali-T860, Mali-T830, Mali-T880
</td>
<td>Exynos 8890, Exynos 7870, Kirin 950, 955, MediaTek MT6738, MT6750, Helio X20 (MT6797), X25 (MT6797T), P10 (MT6755), P20 (MT6757)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Midgard 3rd
</td>
<td>10/2013
</td>
<td>Mali-T760, …
</td>
<td>Exynos 7420, Exynos 5433, MT6752, MT6732, RK3288
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Midgard 2nd
</td>
<td>08/2012
</td>
<td>Mali-T600 series, T720
</td>
<td>Exynos 5250, 5260, 5410, 5420, 5422, 5430, 5800, 7580, Mediatek MT6735, MT6753, Kirin 920, 925, 930, 935
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="background: var(--background-color-disabled, #dadde3); color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><small>non supporté</small>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jeux_compatibles">Jeux compatibles</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moteurs_de_jeux_compatibles">Moteurs de jeux compatibles</h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Amazon_Lumberyard" title="Amazon Lumberyard">Amazon Lumberyard</a><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Source_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Source 2">Source 2</a> – En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03" data-sort-value="2015-03">mars 2015</time>, <a href="Valve_(entreprise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Valve (entreprise)">Valve</a> annonce que Source 2, successeur du moteur originel Source, supportera Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>Serious Engine 4 – En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02" data-sort-value="2016-02">février 2016</time>, <a href="Croteam" title="Croteam">Croteam</a> annonce le support de Vulkan dans leur moteur<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li><a href="Unreal_Engine_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Unreal Engine 4">Unreal Engine 4</a> – En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02" data-sort-value="2016-02">février 2016</time>, <a href="Epic_Games" title="Epic Games">Epic Games</a> annonce le support de Vulkan lors d'un événement organisé par <a href="Groupe_Samsung" title="Groupe Samsung">Samsung</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li><a href="Id_Tech_6" title="Id Tech 6">id Tech 6</a> – En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-05" data-sort-value="2016-05">mai 2016</time>, <a href="Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a> annonce le support de Vulkan pour la version 6 de leur moteur<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li><a href="Id_Tech_7" title="Id Tech 7">id Tech 7</a></li>
<li><a href="CryEngine" title="CryEngine">CryEngine</a> – <a href="Crytek" title="Crytek">Crytek</a> a annoncé vouloir inclure le support de Vulkan pour son CryEngine<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li><a href="Unity_(moteur_de_jeu)" title="Unity (moteur de jeu)">Unity</a> – Support Vulkan à partir de la version 5.6<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pour Android, Linux et Windows. Le support dans l'éditeur est disponible à partir de la version 2018.2<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>Xenko – Le support a été rajouté en <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-07" data-sort-value="2016-07">juillet 2016</time><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>Intrinsic – Un moteur de jeu libre publié sur GitHub<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li><a href="Torque_3D" title="Torque 3D">Torque 3D</a> MIT - En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04" data-sort-value="2016-04">avril 2016</time>, la communauté de développeurs annonce penser au support de Vulkan<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li>
<li>Armory Engine - Moteur de jeu libre intégré dans Blender 3D.</li>
<li><a href="Godot_(moteur_de_jeu)" title="Godot (moteur de jeu)">Godot Game Engine</a> 4.0 (beta)-moteur de jeu libre.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h3></div>
<div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:30em; column-count:2;"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-wikidata-642caed65d94f1e2add36170af9b7ade27e44ba6-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-642caed65d94f1e2add36170af9b7ade27e44ba6_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Docs/releases/tag/v1.4.331"><cite style="font-style:normal;"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Release 1.4.331</span></cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2025-10-30" data-sort-value="2025-10-30">30 octobre 2025</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2025-10-31" data-sort-value="2025-10-31">31 octobre 2025</time>)</small></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Smith2015-2"><span class="reference-text"><a href="#Smith2015">Smith 2015</a>. </span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2018"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Portability Initiative -</cite>&nbsp;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Khronos Group</span></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-02-25" data-sort-value="2018-02-25">25 février 2018</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khronos.org/vulkan/portability-initiative">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-02-28" data-sort-value="2018-02-28">28 février 2018</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Portability+Initiative+-&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Khronos+Group&amp;rft.date=2018-02-25&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AVulkan+%28API%29"></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/le-khronos-group-officialise-la-releve-d-opengl-39832898.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Le Khronos Group officialise la relève d’OpenGL</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">ZDNet France</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-khronos-5"><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/overview/2015_vulkan_v1_Overview.pdf">https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/overview/2015_vulkan_v1_Overview.pdf</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zrusin.blogspot.fr/2007/11/gallium3d-llvm.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Gallium3D LLVM</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-11-02" data-sort-value="2007-11-02">2 novembre 2007</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-anandtech2013-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-anandtech2013_7-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Smith"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ryan_Smith">Ryan <span class="nom_auteur">Smith</span>, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anandtech.com/show/7161/khronos-siggraph-2013-opengl-44-opencl-20-opencl-12-spir-announced/2"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Khronos @ SIGGRAPH 2013: OpenGL 4.4, OpenCL 2.0, &amp; OpenCL 1.2 SPIR Announced</cite></a>&nbsp;», <i>Anandtech</i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-07-22" data-sort-value="2013-07-22">22 juillet 2013</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-04-05" data-sort-value="2015-04-05">5 avril 2015</time>)</small></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=LunarG-Vulkan-AMA"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Learning More About The Intel Vulkan Driver, Linux Vulkan Plans</cite></a>&nbsp;», <i>phoronix</i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-12" data-sort-value="2015-03-12">12 mars 2015</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-KhronosMar2015-9"><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Trevett,_Khronos_President,_NVIDIA_Vice_President_Mobile_Ecosystem"><span class="ouvrage" id="Neil_Trevett,_Khronos_President,_NVIDIA_Vice_President_Mobile_Ecosystem"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Neil Trevett, Khronos President, NVIDIA Vice President Mobile Ecosystem, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2015-gtc/Khronos-Overview-GTC_Mar15.pdf"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Vulkan, SPIR-V and OpenCL 2.1 - GTC 2015</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Khronos</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-24" data-sort-value="2015-03-24">24 mars 2015</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-polygon-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-polygon_10-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kollar2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Philip_Kollar2015"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Philip Kollar, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.polygon.com/2015/3/3/8145273/valve-source-2-announcement-free-developers"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Valve announces Source 2 engine, free for developers</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-03" data-sort-value="2015-03-03">3 mars 2015</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mahardy2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mike_Mahardy2015">Mike Mahardy, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ign.com/articles/2015/03/04/gdc-2015-valve-announces-source-2-engine"><cite style="font-style:normal;">GDC 2015: Valve Announces Source 2 Engine</cite></a>&nbsp;», <i>IGN</i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-03" data-sort-value="2015-03-03">3 mars 2015</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-developpezGLOVE_Zink-12"><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="LittleWhite">LittleWhite, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jeux.developpez.com/actu/231674/GLOVE-et-Zink-deux-implementations-d-OpenGL-sur-Vulkan/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">GLOVE et Zink Deux implémentations d'OpenGL sur Vulkan</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">jeux.developpez.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-11-01" data-sort-value="2018-11-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> novembre 2018</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/doitsujin/dxvk"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">DXVK, Vulkan-based D3D11 and D3D10 implementation for Linux / Wine</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">compte Github de doitsujin</span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://source.winehq.org/git/vkd3d.git/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">D3D12 to Vulkan translation library</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">source.winehq.org</span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cgit.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/commit/?id=8d46e35d16e3936968958bcab86d61967a673305"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">zink: introduce opengl over vulkan</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">cgit.freedesktop.org</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-10-28" data-sort-value="2019-10-28">28 octobre 2019</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> «&nbsp;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en-us">The Qt Company joins Khronos Group and promotes Vulkan - Qt Blog</cite>&nbsp;», <i><span class="lang-en-us" lang="en-us">Qt Blog</span></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-16" data-sort-value="2016-02-16">16 février 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/02/16/the-qt-company-joins-khronos-group-and-promotes-vulkan/">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-02-21" data-sort-value="2017-02-21">21 février 2017</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=The+Qt+Company+joins+Khronos+Group+and+promotes+Vulkan+-+Qt+Blog&amp;rft.jtitle=Qt+Blog&amp;rft.date=2016-02-16&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AVulkan+%28API%29"></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.touslesdrivers.com/index.php?v_page=3&amp;v_code=6124"><cite style="font-style:normal;">AMD et NVIDIA proposent leurs pilotes pour l'API Vulkan 1.0</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">touslesdrivers.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-10-24" data-sort-value="2021-10-24">24 octobre 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jeux.developpez.com/actu/96093/Intel-propose-un-pilote-Vulkan-open-source/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Intel propose un pilote Vulkan open source.</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Developpez.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gianoli2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jérôme_Gianoli2016">Jérôme Gianoli, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ginjfo.com/actualites/composants/cartes-graphiques/vulkan-nvidia-drivers-windows-linux-20160409"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Vulkan, Nvidia publie ses Windows driver version 364.91 et Linux driver version 364.16</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">ginjfo.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-09" data-sort-value="2016-04-09">9 avril 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pépin2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Guénaël_Pépin2016">Guénaël Pépin, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nextinpact.com/news/99472-android-n-2e-developer-preview-amene-support-vulkan.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Android N&nbsp;: la 2e Developer Preview amène le support de Vulkan</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">nextinpact.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-14" data-sort-value="2016-04-14">14 avril 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tomshardware.fr/articles/android-n-vulkan,1-59353.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Vulkan maintenant sur Android N Developer Preview 2</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Tom’s Hardware&nbsp;: actualités matériels et jeux vidéo</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-15" data-sort-value="2016-04-15">15 avril 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.p-nintendo.com/news/khronos-certifie-la-switch-pour-vulkan-245969"><cite style="font-style:normal;">La Switch est la première console officiellement compatible Vulkan &lt; News &lt; Puissance Nintendo</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">p-nintendo.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-10-24" data-sort-value="2021-10-24">24 octobre 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.01net.com/actualites/vulkan-l-api-qui-ferait-du-bien-a-la-batterie-de-votre-smartphone-970624.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Comment Samsung va augmenter l'autonomie de vos smartphones sans changer leur batterie</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">01net</span>, 01net <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Grandjean"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clément_Grandjean">Clément Grandjean, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.frandroid.com/hardware/380395_vulkan-jeux-unity-seront-bientot-plus-fluides-android"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Vulkan&nbsp;: les jeux Unity seront bientôt plus fluides sous Android</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">frandroid</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-09-30" data-sort-value="2016-09-30">30 septembre 2016</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.toolinux.com/Un-moteur-de-jeu-video-base-sur"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Un moteur de jeu vidéo basé sur Vulkan</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Toolinux.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-10-26" data-sort-value="2016-10-26">26 octobre 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gianoli2017"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jérôme_Gianoli2017">Jérôme Gianoli, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ginjfo.com/actualites/composants/cartes-graphiques/support-complet-de-vulkan-windows-intel-hd-graphics-21-20-16-4590-debarquent-20170214"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Support complet de Vulkan sous Windows, les Intel HD Graphics 21.20.16.4590 débarquent</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Ginjfo</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-02-14" data-sort-value="2017-02-14">14 février 2017</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-02-18" data-sort-value="2017-02-18">18 février 2017</time>)</small></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Linietsky"><span class="ouvrage" id="Juan_Linietsky"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Juan Linietsky, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://godotengine.org/article/abandoning-gles3-vulkan-and-gles2"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Moving to Vulkan (and ES 2.0) instead of OpenGL ES 3.0</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-02-26" data-sort-value="2018-02-26">26 février 2018</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Verschelde"><span class="ouvrage" id="Rémi_Verschelde"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Rémi Verschelde, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://godotengine.org/article/dev-snapshot-godot-3-2-alpha-1"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Dev snapshot: Godot 3.2 alpha 1</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-10-06" data-sort-value="2019-10-06">6 octobre 2019</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Goldberg"><span class="ouvrage" id="Matias_Goldberg"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Matias Goldberg, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ogre3d.org/2019/11/05/vulkan-progress-report"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Vulkan Progress Report</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-11-05" data-sort-value="2019-11-05">5 novembre 2019</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://android-developers.blogspot.de/2016/04/android-n-developer-preview-2-out-today.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">The Android platform includes an Android-specific implementation of the Vulkan API specification from the Khronos Group</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-05" data-sort-value="2016-04-05">5 avril 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=AMDGPU-PRO-16.40-Released"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">AMDGPU-PRO 16.40 Released For Ubuntu &amp; Red Hat Linux Systems</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-10-27" data-sort-value="2016-10-27">27 octobre 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="rhallock2016">rhallock, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.amd.com/community/gaming/blog/2016/02/16/radeon-gpus-are-ready-for-the-vulkan-graphics-api"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Radeon GPUs are ready for the Vulkan graphics API</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">amd.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-16" data-sort-value="2016-02-16">16 février 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Larabel2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michael_Larabel2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Michael Larabel, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&amp;item=radeon-vulkan-radv&amp;num=1"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Testing The Open-Source "RADV" Radeon Vulkan Driver vs. AMDGPU-PRO</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique"><a href="Phoronix" title="Phoronix">Phoronix</a></span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-08-30" data-sort-value="2016-08-30">30 août 2016</time></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-amddrv-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-amddrv_34-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.amd.com/en-us/kb-articles/Pages/Radeon-Vulkan-Beta.aspx?webSyncID=c22ca125-14e6-3ba7-2140-16c1a2a5d2d5&amp;sessionGUID=8b8499e2-2b83-2dbd-6791-6bde957b1409"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">AMD Radeon Software version 16.15.1009 supports Vulkan</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-16" data-sort-value="2016-02-16">16 février 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nvidia.com/download/driverResults.aspx/101818/en-us"><cite style="font-style:normal;">NVIDIA</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">nvidia.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-10-24" data-sort-value="2021-10-24">24 octobre 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-nvidia-developer-36"><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.nvidia.com/vulkan-driver"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Vulkan Driver Support</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">NVIDIA Developer</span>, <a href="Nvidia" title="Nvidia">Nvidia</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-04" data-sort-value="2016-04-04">4 avril 2016</time>)</small></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://01.org/linuxgraphics/blogs/jekstrand/2016/open-source-vulkan-drivers-intel-hardware"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Open-source Vulkan drivers for Intel hardware</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-16" data-sort-value="2016-02-16">16 février 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Larabel2016"><span class="ouvrage" id="Michael_Larabel2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Michael <span class="nom_auteur">Larabel</span>, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&amp;item=mesa-12-released"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Mesa 12.0 Released With OpenGL 4.3 Support, Intel Vulkan &amp; Many Other Features</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Phoronix</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-07-08" data-sort-value="2016-07-08">8 juillet 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-07-09" data-sort-value="2016-07-09">9 juillet 2016</time>)</small></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2016/03/14/new-intel-vulkan-beta-1540204404-graphics-driver-for-windows-78110-1540">https://software.intel.com/en-us/blogs/2016/03/14/new-intel-vulkan-beta-1540204404-graphics-driver-for-windows-78110-1540</a> 15.40.20</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais américain">(en-US)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.imgtec.com/powervr/imagination-announces-vulkan-sdk-for-powervr-rogue-gpus"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en-us">Imagination announces Vulkan SDK for PowerVR Rogue GPUs</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Imagination Blog</span>, PowerVR Developer Technology Team, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-03-16" data-sort-value="2016-03-16">16 mars 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-27" data-sort-value="2016-04-27">27 avril 2016</time>)</small></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2018/12/05/snapdragon-855-premier-mobile-platform-new-decade-5g-ai-and-xr"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Snapdragon 855: The premier mobile platform for a new decade of 5G, AI, and XR</cite></a>&nbsp;»</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/qualcomm-announces-vulkan-api-support-on-the-adreno-530-gpu-300221252.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Qualcomm announces Vulkan API support for Adreno 5.. and 4.. GPUs</cite></a>&nbsp;»</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anandtech.com/show/10375/arm-unveils-bifrost-and-mali-g71/5"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">ARM Bifrost GPU Architecture</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-05-30" data-sort-value="2016-05-30">30 mai 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://malideveloper.arm.com/documentation/developer-guides/vulkan/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">ARM® Mali™GPUs with Vulkan Conformance</cite></a>&nbsp;»</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Meloni2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Wanda_Meloni2021"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Wanda Meloni, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gfxspeak.com/featured/amazons-lumberyard-engine/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">AMAZON’S LUMBERYARD GAME ENGINE GOES OPEN SOURCE</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">gfxspeak.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-07-09" data-sort-value="2021-07-09">9 juillet 2021</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-04-16" data-sort-value="2023-04-16">16 avril 2023</time>)</small></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Kollar2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Philip_Kollar2015"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Philip <span class="nom_auteur">Kollar</span>, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.polygon.com/2015/3/3/8145273/valve-source-2-announcement-free-developers"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Valve announces Source 2 engine, free for developers</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-03" data-sort-value="2015-03-03">3 mars 2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-03" data-sort-value="2015-03-03">3 mars 2015</time>)</small></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mahardy2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mike_Mahardy2015"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Mike <span class="nom_auteur">Mahardy</span>, «&nbsp;<cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">GDC 2015: Valve Announces Source 2 Engine</cite>&nbsp;», <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">IGN</span></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-03" data-sort-value="2015-03-03">3 mars 2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ign.com/articles/2015/03/04/gdc-2015-valve-announces-source-2-engine">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-03" data-sort-value="2015-03-03">3 mars 2015</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=GDC+2015%3A+Valve+Announces+Source+2+Engine&amp;rft.jtitle=IGN&amp;rft.aulast=Mahardy&amp;rft.aufirst=Mike&amp;rft.date=2015-03-03&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2015%2F03%2F04%2Fgdc-2015-valve-announces-source-2-engine&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AVulkan+%28API%29"></span></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.croteam.com/talos-principle-will-support-vulkan-first-screenshot-released/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">The Talos Principle will support Vulkan</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-04" data-sort-value="2016-02-04">4 février 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bit-tech.net/news/gaming/2016/02/22/vulkan-unreal-engine-4/1"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Epic Games adds Vulkan support to Unreal Engine 4</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">bit-tech</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-24" data-sort-value="2016-02-24">24 février 2016</time>)</small></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unrealengine.com/news/epic-games-unveils-protostar-at-samsung-galaxy-unpacked"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Epic Games Unveils ProtoStar at Samsung Galaxy Unpacked</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">www.unrealengine.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-02-24" data-sort-value="2016-02-24">24 février 2016</time>)</small></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/DOOM/status/729072597774807046"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">id announces Doom running on Vulkan</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-05-07" data-sort-value="2016-05-07">7 mai 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tweaktown.com/news/53506/directx-12-vulkan-support-way-cryengine/index.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">DirectX 12, Vulkan support on the way for CryEngine</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">TweakTown</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-08-19" data-sort-value="2016-08-19">19 août 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unity3d.com/fr/unity/whats-new/unity-5.6.0"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Unity 5.6 - Unity</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Unity</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unity3d.com/fr/unity/whats-new/unity-2018.2.0"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Unity 2018.2 - Unity</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Unity</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xenko.com/blog/new-version-1-7-0/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Xenko 1.7β released!</cite></a>&nbsp;»,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-07-01" data-sort-value="2016-07-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> juillet 2016</time></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intrinsic-engine.com/"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Thanks For All The Fish! —</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">Thanks For All The Fish!</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-08-10" data-sort-value="2020-08-10">10 août 2020</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="JeffR2016"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> JeffR, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.torque3d.org/viewtopic.php?t=617#p5148"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Closing in on 3.9</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">torque3d.org</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-15" data-sort-value="2016-04-15">15 avril 2016</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-10-24" data-sort-value="2021-10-24">24 octobre 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3></div>
<ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Smith2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ryan_Smith2015">Ryan <span class="nom_auteur">Smith</span>, «&nbsp;<cite style="font-style:normal">Next Generation OpenGL Becomes Vulkan: Additional Details Released</cite>&nbsp;», <i>AnandTech</i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03-03" data-sort-value="2015-03-03">3 mars 2015</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anandtech.com/show/9038/next-generation-opengl-becomes-vulkan-additional-details-released">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Next+Generation+OpenGL+Becomes+Vulkan%3A+Additional+Details+Released&amp;rft.jtitle=AnandTech&amp;rft.aulast=Smith&amp;rft.aufirst=Ryan&amp;rft.date=2015-03-03&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AVulkan+%28API%29"></span></span></span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lien_externe">Lien externe</h3></div>
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>
<ul><li><cite class="ouvrage" id="site_officiel" style="font-style: normal;"><span class="wd_p856"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr>&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulkan.org/">Site officiel</a></span></cite></li>
<li class="mw-empty-elt"></li>
<li class="mw-empty-elt"></li>
<li class="mw-empty-elt"></li>
<li><span class="ouvrage" id="Group2015"><span class="ouvrage" id="Khronos_Group2015"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Khronos Group, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/overview/2015_vulkan_v1_Overview.pdf"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">2015 vulkan v1 Overview</cite></a>&nbsp;», <time class="nowrap" datetime="2015-03" data-sort-value="2015-03">mars 2015</time></span></span></li></ul>
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